Stormwater Atlas

← Practices

Green Roof

Generated 8/13/2026, 10:41:17 AM · composer-2.5:run-5bacbade-0e1c-45db-ae8e-eb3feec035ee

Provisional practice synthesis — not a design manual or adopted regulation. Numbers come from atlas design_parameters; verify against source PDFs. Controlling state/local criteria apply when more stringent.

National baseline

Among Tier A manuals that mention green roofs (36 of 76 scanned), numeric guidance for green-roof-specific facility parameters is sparse: media depth appears in only two jurisdictions (both 3 inches), and maximum slope in only three (2–25 percent, with mode 2 percent). Jurisdiction-wide water-quality volume depth where cited clusters around 1 inch (n=30, mode=1, median=1, range 0.37–1.61 inches)—context for site sizing, not a green-roof media specification. Site-wide maximum drawdown times are commonly 48–72 hours (n=36, mode=72, median=48, range 4–120 hours). Seasonal high water table separation where stated is often 24–36 inches (n=36, mode=24, median=36, range 12–120 inches), again as general groundwater context rather than a roof assembly detail. For temperate, Type II–style assumptions, committees should treat green roof design as qualitatively supported in many manuals but numerically anchored mainly by broad jurisdictional stormwater sizing defaults until more manuals publish explicit roof-specific depths, slopes, and drawdown expectations.

Matrix summary

In Tier A manuals mentioning green_roof (36/76), site-wide WQv depth (n=30) modes at 1 inch (0.37–1.61 in); site-wide max drawdown (n=36) modes at 72 h with median 48 h (4–120 h); site-wide SHWT separation (n=36) modes at 24 in with median 36 in (12–120 in). Practice-specific green_roof_media_depth_inches is n=2 (3 in only); green_roof_slope_percent is n=3 (mode 2%, range 2–25%). These counts describe extracted numeric consensus, not an adopted national standard.

Cross-state parameters

Site water-quality depth (not practice-specific)

n=30 · mode=1 · median=1 · range=0.37–1.61 inches

StateSlugValue
MAboston-ma1 inches
MDbaltimore-md1 inches
VAchesapeake-va1 inches
MIdetroit-mi1 inches
AZflagstaff-az1 inches
TXhouston-tx0.5 inches
MNminneapolis-mn1.25 inches
VAnorfolk-va1 inches
ORportland-or1.61 inches
NVlas-vegas-nv0.37 inches
CTct-state1.3 inches
TXdallas-tx1.5 inches
GAga-state1.2 inches
INindiana-manual1 inches
IAia-state-ch11.25 inches
MEmaine-manual1 inches
MAma-state-draft1 inches
MImichigan-manual1 inches
MOkansas-city-marc-bmp1.37 inches
NEne-ndot-stf0.5 inches
NHnh-state1 inches
NYny-state1.2 inches
NCnc-state1 inches
OHohio-rainwater0.75 inches
PApa-state1.2 inches
PAphiladelphia-pa1.5 inches
RIri-state1 inches
HIhawaii-dot-pcbmp1 inches
COdenver-co0.6 inches
VTvt-state1 inches
WVwest-virginia-manual1 inches

Max drawdown / dewatering time

n=36 · mode=72 · median=48 · range=4–120 hours

StateSlugValue
ALalabama-handbook40 hours
NMalbuquerque-nm-gsi96 hours
CAca-casqa-municipal72 hours
CAca-caltrans-construction96 hours
IDboise-id48 hours
VAchesapeake-va48 hours
ILchicago-il72 hours
OHcolumbus-oh72 hours
AZflagstaff-az24 hours
TXhouston-tx48 hours
ORportland-or30 hours
WAseattle-wa24 hours
NVlas-vegas-nv72 hours
CTct-state48 hours
CAlos-angeles-ca96 hours
DEde-wet-ponds-draft24 hours
FLfl-fsesci-tier14 hours
IDidaho-bmp-catalog72 hours
INindiana-manual24 hours
MEmaine-manual48 hours
MDmd-state24 hours
MAma-state-draft72 hours
MOkansas-city-marc-bmp40 hours
MNmn-state-200848 hours
MSms-state-vol2120 hours
MTbillings-mt72 hours
MTmt-deq872 hours
NEne-ndot-stf72 hours
NJnj-state72 hours
PApa-state72 hours
PAphiladelphia-pa72 hours
RIri-state48 hours
SCsouth-carolina-manual72 hours
HIhawaii-dot-pcbmp48 hours
TNtn-state24 hours
VTvt-state48 hours
WAwa-state-western48 hours
WVwest-virginia-manual48 hours

SHWT separation

n=36 · mode=24 · median=36 · range=12–120 inches

StateSlugValue
ALalabama-handbook24 inches
NMalbuquerque-nm-gsi36 inches
WAbellevue-wa60 inches
IDboise-id36 inches
VAchesapeake-va12 inches
ILchicago-il24 inches
MIdetroit-mi24 inches
TXhouston-tx48 inches
MNminneapolis-mn36 inches
ORportland-or60 inches
NCraleigh-nc12 inches
CAsan-diego-ca120 inches
NVlas-vegas-nv24 inches
CTct-state36 inches
DEde-wet-ponds-draft24 inches
DCdc-guidebook24 inches
IDidaho-bmp-catalog36 inches
INindiana-manual36 inches
MEmaine-manual12 inches
MDmd-state48 inches
MAma-state-draft24 inches
MOkansas-city-marc-bmp36 inches
MNmn-state-200836 inches
MSms-state-vol224 inches
MTbillings-mt36 inches
MTmt-deq812 inches
NJnj-state12 inches
NYny-state24 inches
OHohio-rainwater48 inches
PApa-state24 inches
PAphiladelphia-pa24 inches
RIri-state36 inches
HIhawaii-dot-pcbmp36 inches
TNtn-state24 inches
TXtx-edwards-rg34848 inches
VTvt-state36 inches
WAwa-state-western60 inches
WVwest-virginia-manual24 inches

Green-roof media depth

n=2 · mode=3 · median=3 · range=3–3 inches

StateSlugValue
DCdc-guidebook3 inches
PApa-state3 inches

Green-roof slope

n=3 · mode=2 · median=20 · range=2–25 percent

StateSlugValue
AKak-state25 percent
CTct-state20 percent
MEmaine-manual2 percent

Regional modifiers

Cold climate and freeze–thaw

Northern and cold-state manuals still cite site-wide drawdown and SHWT values (e.g., ME 48 h drawdown and 12 in SHWT; MN 36 in SHWT; VT 48 h drawdown and 36 in SHWT; MI Detroit 24 in SHWT) without establishing green-roof media depth or slope beyond the sparse national sample. AK lists 25 percent maximum slope—among the few explicit slope values. Cold-climate committees should not infer insulation, drainage layer, or anti-icing requirements from these site-wide numbers alone.

States: AK, ME, MI, MN, VT. Sources: ak-state, maine-manual, detroit-mi, minneapolis-mn, mn-state-2008, vt-state

Coastal and high water table

Coastal and humid jurisdictions often specify tighter SHWT separation (e.g., VA Chesapeake 12 in; NC Raleigh 12 in; ME 12 in) or longer drawdown in some Gulf and South Atlantic contexts (MS 120 h; FL Tier 1 4 h as an outlier). TX Houston and MD state use 48 in SHWT. These values reflect local groundwater and sizing programs, not verified green-roof profile depths; coastal modifiers should emphasize verifying structural loading, wind uplift, and salt exposure separately from matrix SHWT modes.

States: VA, NC, ME, MS, FL, TX, MD. Sources: chesapeake-va, raleigh-nc, maine-manual, ms-state-vol2, fl-fsesci-tier1, houston-tx, md-state

Arid and semi-arid West

Arid jurisdictions show wider spread in site-wide WQv depth (NV Las Vegas 0.37 in; AZ Flagstaff 1 in; CO Denver 0.6 in) and drawdown (AZ Flagstaff 24 h; NV 72 h). NM Albuquerque cites 96 h drawdown and 36 in SHWT. None of these establish green-roof media depth beyond the two-manual 3 in consensus nationally; arid design discussion should stress irrigation, fire, and evapotranspiration limits rather than extrapolating from low WQv depth entries.

States: NV, AZ, CO, NM. Sources: las-vegas-nv, flagstaff-az, denver-co, albuquerque-nm-gsi

Karst and sensitive groundwater

The matrix includes TX Edwards (tx-edwards-rg348) with 48 in SHWT separation alongside other site-wide values; no additional green-roof-specific karst separation or infiltration prohibition is numerically extracted in this Tier A set. Karst modifiers should note that baseline green-roof numeric specs are not yet established for karst beyond general SHWT context.

States: TX. Sources: tx-edwards-rg348

Open issues

Green-roof-specific numeric baseline is not yet established: media depth is documented in only two manuals (both 3 inches, n=2); maximum slope appears in only three (2–25 percent, n=3). Forty-five of 76 Tier A manuals lack extracted WQv depth, and 34 of 36 green-roof-mentioning manuals lack media depth—so committees cannot treat mode values as national design standards. Site-wide WQv, drawdown, and SHWT fields must not be read as green-roof layer thickness or roof drain time without manual-specific green roof chapters. Wide drawdown range (4–120 hours) and SHWT range (12–120 inches) include chapter proxies and pond-oriented language that may not apply to extensive roofs. Tier A coverage is mention-weighted (36/76) rather than design-parameter-complete for this practice.